Exploring the role of pistachio nutrients and bioactive components in sleep health: a narrative review

Abstract Many adults report insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality. Interventions to improve sleep in adults are thus needed, and evidence suggests that diet could benefit sleep health. This review evaluates whether nutrients and bioactive compounds in pistachios could improve sleep. Pistachios are particularly rich in vitamin B6, magnesium, fibre, phenolic compounds, and phytomelatonin that could benefit sleep health. These nutrients are implicated in melatonin synthesis and gut–brain axis signalling of inhibitory neurons. Our evaluation of the literature indicates that pistachios could represent a promising wholefood intervention for improving sleep due to their favourable nutrient profile. However, human trials are needed to assess the direct effects of pistachio consumption on sleep outcomes.